Phát hiện dấu tích bốn lò gốm 800 tuổi

Sau gần một tháng khai quật di tích gò Trường Cửu (thị xã An Nhơn), Bảo tàng Bình Định phát hiện dấu tích của ít nhất 4 lò nung gốm 800 tuổi thuộc nền văn hóa Champa.

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Dấu tích bốn lò gốm 800 tuổi phát hiện ở khu gò Trường Cửu. Ảnh: Đinh Bá Hòa.

Ngày 22/1, TS Đinh Bá Hòa – Giám đốc Bảo tàng Bình Định – cho biết, qua khai quật, đơn vị này cùng các chuyên gia Viện Hàn lâm khoa học xã hội Việt Nam đã phát hiện ở Trường Cửu có dấu tích ít nhất 4 lò nung gốm niên đại thế kỷ 13 (tương đương khoảng 800 năm) xây chồng xếp lên nhau.

Tại khu gò này, các nhà khảo cổ còn tìm thấy nhiều chén bát, đĩa, lọ, vò, âu… Đồ gốm chủ yếu là men đơn sắc, men ngọc celadon. Hiện vật kiến trúc ở khu lò khá đa dạng, trong đó có ngói móc kích thước lớn, ngói tráng men. Nổi bật có hai mảnh ngói đất nung dáng uốn cong hình lòng mo dày một cm và rộng 30 cm rất hiếm hoi, vật liệu trang trí dùng để gắn trên các cung điện triều đình, xây dựng các đền tháp Chămpa…

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Ngói móc có kích thước lớn, loại vật liệu xây dựng đặc trưng của nền văn hóa Chămpa được tìm thấy ở khu gò Trường Cửu. Ảnh: Đinh Bá Hòa.

Trường Cửu là tên gọi khu gò nằm dọc theo triền sông Côn, sát với bờ thành phía đông của thành Cha (một trong bốn thành cổ Chămpa) ở xã Nhơn Lộc, thị xã An Nhơn. Khu vực này còn nhiều mảnh sành và gốm men dọc triền sông Côn. Lò nung gốm nơi đây có dáng hình chữ nhật và đều thuộc loại lò ống một buồng lò.

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Bát men ngọc Celadon được tìm thấy ở khu di tích Trường Cửu. Ảnh: Đinh Bá Hòa.

Sau nhiều lần khai quật khảo cổ, Bảo tàng Bình Định ghi nhận có khoảng sáu trung tâm sản xuất gốm, trong đó riêng thị xã An Nhơn có ba khu lò nung gốm Gò Sành (xã Nhơn Hòa), Cây Me (xã Nhơn Mỹ) và Trường Cửu (xã Nhơn Lộc).

“Việc phát hiện lò nung gốm hàng trăm năm tuổi ở Trường Cửu lần này góp thêm bằng chứng khẳng định người Chămpa có nghề gốm truyền thống rất lâu đời, từng có sự giao lưu mật thiết với văn hóa Việt, đóng góp nhất định vào lịch sử sản xuất đồ gốm của thế giới”, ông Hòa cho biết thêm.

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